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- area: 24,090 sq.km.
- position: 38°51'52" ÷ 41°15'42" North latitude - 8°8' ÷ 9°50' East longitude
- population: 1,638,000 pop. (density 68 pop./sq.km.)
- borders: at east Sardinian Sea, at south, west and north Tyrrhenian Sea
- monti principali: Gennargentu (Punta La Marmora - 1,834 m.)
- main lowlands: Campidano, La Nurra
- main rivers: Tirso (150 km.), Flumendosa (127 km.), Coghinas (123 km.)
- main lakes: Lago Omodeo (22 sq.km.), Lago del Coghinas (13 sq.km.)
- main islands: Sardinia (23,813 sq.km.), St. Antioco (109 sq.km.), St. Pietro, Asinara (51 sq.km.)
- regional capital: Cagliari (162,900 pop.)
- provincial capitals: Cagliari, Sassari (121,100 pop.), Olbia (46,200 pop.) - Tempio Pausania (14,000 pop.), Nuoro (36,900 pop.), Oristano (31,700 pop.), Carbonia (30,700 pop.) - Iglesias (28,200 pop.), Tortoĺ (10,100 pop.), Sanluri (8,600 pop.)
- other cities: Quartu Sant'Elena (68,500 pop.), Alghero (39,500 pop.), Selargius (27,900 pop.), Assemini (24,500 pop.), Capoterra (21,900 pop.), Porto Torres (21,500 pop.), Monserrato (20,800 pop.), Sestu (18,500 pop.), Sinnai (15,800 pop.)
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Sardinia (in ancient times called "Sandalia" and "Ichnusa") is the most ancient region of Italy: first rocks emerged about 570 million years ago (Paleozoic). Men appeared about 500,000 BC.
Various people visited and/or dominated it, from Phoenicians to Punics, from Romans to Vandals, from Pisans to Aragonese. Sardinia lived its most magnificent period in "Giudicati" epoch, between AD 900 and AD 1,400, when it becames an independent State under the name of "Arborea Kingdom".
Sardinia preserve a lot of intact proofs of various epoches: "nuraghe" (towers only made of stones datable around 1,500 BC), Punics necropolis, Roman buildings, medieval churches and castles.
At present Sardinia is one of the Regions of the Italian Republic with a special autonomous Statute.
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Sardinia, 2nd largest island of the Mediterranean Sea (Sicily is 1st), is an aspired destination for the tourists of the whole world thanks to its splendid uncontaminated landscapes (beaches and mountains) and to the ancient traditions, above all agricultural, sheep farming and craftmade ones.
And tourism, agriculture, sheep farming and handicraft are among the main economic resources of "Sardinian people" (Italian Parliament appellative only assigned to Sardinians and Friulians).
Another characterizing element of the Sardinians (perhaps the main one) is the Sardinian language, that comprise two main variety: "Campidanese", that is spoken in the middle south of the island and the "Logudorese", that is spoken in the middle north.
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